Data Analysis, Statistics, and Probability

7.DSP.1Understand that statistics can be used to gain information about a population by examining a sample of the population. Understand that conclusions and generalizations about a population from a sample are valid only if the sample is representative of that population and that random sampling tends to produce representative samples and support valid inferences. (E)7.DSP.2Find, use, and interpret measures of central tendency (mean and median) and measures of spread (range, interquartile range, and mean absolute deviation) for numerical data from random samples to draw comparative inferences about two populations. (E)7.DSP.3Make observations about the degree of visual overlap of two numerical data distributions represented in line plots or box plots. Describe how data, particularly outliers, added to a data set may affect the mean and/or median.7.DSP.4Understand that the probability of a chance event is a number between 0 and 1 that expresses the likelihood of the event occurring. Understand that a probability near 0 indicates an unlikely event, a probability around 1/2 indicates an event that is neither unlikely nor likely, and a probability near 1 indicates a likely event. Understand that a probability of 1 indicates an event certain to occur and a probability of 0 indicates an event impossible to occur. Identify probabilities of events as impossible, unlikely, equally likely, likely, or certain. (E)7.DSP.5Develop probability models that include the sample space and probabilities of outcomes to represent simple events with equally likely outcomes. Predict the approximate relative frequency of the event based on the model. Compare probabilities from the model to observed frequencies, evaluate the level of agreement, and explain possible sources of discrepancy. (E)
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