Virginia: Geometry Math Standards

71 standards · 4 domains

TWO- AND THREE-DIMENSIONAL FIGURES

G.DF.1.a Identify the shape of a two-dimensional cross section of a three-dimensional figure.
G.DF.1.b Create models and solve problems, including those in context, involving surface area of three-dimensional figures, as well as composite three-dimensional figures.
G.DF.1.c Solve multistep problems, including those in context, involving volume of three-dimensional figures, as well as composite three-dimensional figures.
G.DF.1.d Determine unknown measurements of three-dimensional figures using information such as length of a side, area of a face, or volume.
G.DF.2.a Describe how changes in one or more dimensions of a figure affect other derived measures (perimeter, area, total surface area, and volume) of the figure.
G.DF.2.b Describe how changes in surface area and/or volume of a figure affect the measures of one or more dimensions of the figure.
G.DF.2.c Solve problems, including those in context, involving changing the dimensions or derived measures of a three-dimensional figure.
G.DF.2.d Compare ratios between side lengths, perimeters, areas, and volumes of similar figures.
G.DF.2.e Recognize when two- and three-dimensional figures are similar and solve problems, including those in context, involving attributes of similar geometric figures.

POLYGONS AND CIRCLES

G.PC.1.a Solve problems, using the properties specific to parallelograms, rectangles, rhombi, squares, isosceles trapezoids, and trapezoids.
G.PC.1.b Prove and justify that quadrilaterals have specific properties, using coordinate and algebraic methods, such as the slope formula, the distance formula, and the midpoint formula.
G.PC.1.c Prove and justify theorems and properties of quadrilaterals using deductive reasoning.
G.PC.1.d Use congruent segment, congruent angle, angle bisector, perpendicular line, and/or parallel line constructions to verify properties of quadrilaterals.
G.PC.2.a Solve problems involving the number of sides of a regular polygon given the measures of the interior and exterior angles of the polygon.
G.PC.2.b Justify the relationship between the sum of the measures of the interior and exterior angles of a convex polygon and solve problems involving the sum of the measures of the angles.
G.PC.2.c Justify the relationship between the measure of each interior and exterior angle of a regular polygon and solve problems involving the measures of the angles.
G.PC.3.a Determine the proportional relationship between the arc length or area of a sector and other parts of a circle.
G.PC.3.b Solve for arc measures and angles in a circle formed by central angles.
G.PC.3.c Solve for arc measures and angles in a circle involving inscribed angles.
G.PC.3.d Calculate the length of an arc of a circle.
G.PC.3.e Calculate the area of a sector of a circle.
G.PC.3.f Apply arc length or sector area to solve for an unknown measurement of the circle including the radius, diameter, arc measure, central angle, arc length, or sector area.
G.PC.4.a Derive the equation of a circle of given the center and radius using the Pythagorean Theorem.
G.PC.4.b.i given a graph or the equation of a circle in standard form, identify the coordinates of the center of the circle;
G.PC.4.b.ii given the coordinates of the endpoints of a diameter of a circle, determine the coordinates of the center of the circle.
G.PC.4.b.iii given a graph or the equation of a circle in standard form, identify the length of the radius or diameter of the circle.
G.PC.4.b.iv given the coordinates of the endpoints of the diameter of a circle, determine the length of the radius or diameter of the circle.
G.PC.4.b.v given the coordinates of the center and the coordinates of a point on the circle, determine the length of the radius or diameter of the circle; and
G.PC.4.b.vi given the coordinates of the center and length of the radius of a circle, identify the coordinates of a point(s) on the circle.
G.PC.4.c.i a graph of a circle with a center with coordinates that are integers;
G.PC.4.c.ii coordinates of the center and a point on the circle;
G.PC.4.c.iii coordinates of the center and the length of the radius or diameter; and
G.PC.4.c.iv coordinates of the endpoints of a diameter.

REASONING, LINES AND TRANSFORMATIONS

G.RLT.1.a Translate propositional statements and compound statements into symbolic form, including negations (~𝑝, read “not 𝑝”), conjunctions (𝑝 ∧ 𝑞, read “𝑝 and 𝑞”), disjunctions (𝑝 ∨ 𝑞, read “𝑝 or 𝑞”), conditionals (𝑝 → 𝑞, read “if 𝑝 then 𝑞”), and biconditionals (𝑝 ↔ 𝑞, read “𝑝 if and only if 𝑞”), including statements representing geometric relationships.
G.RLT.1.b Identify and determine the validity of the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of a conditional statement, and recognize the connection between a biconditional statement and a true conditional statement with a true converse, including statements representing geometric relationships.
G.RLT.1.c Use Venn diagrams to represent set relationships, including union, intersection, subset, and negation.
G.RLT.1.d Interpret Venn diagrams, including those representing contextual situations.
G.RLT.2.a.i corresponding angles;
G.RLT.2.a.ii alternate interior angles;
G.RLT.2.a.iii alternate exterior angles;
G.RLT.2.a.iv same-side (consecutive) interior angles; and
G.RLT.2.a.v same-side (consecutive) exterior angles.
G.RLT.2.b Prove two or more lines are parallel given angle measurements expressed numerically or algebraically.
G.RLT.2.c Solve problems by using the relationships between pairs of angles formed by the intersection of two parallel lines and a transversal.
G.RLT.3.a Locate, count, and draw lines of symmetry given a figure, including figures in context.
G.RLT.3.b Determine whether a figure has point symmetry, line symmetry, both, or neither, including figures in context.
G.RLT.3.c.i translations;
G.RLT.3.c.ii reflections over any horizontal or vertical line or the lines 𝑦 = 𝑥 or 𝑦 = –𝑥;
G.RLT.3.c.iii clockwise or counterclockwise rotations of 90°, 180°, 270°, or 360° on a coordinate grid where the center of rotation is limited to the origin; and
G.RLT.3.c.iv dilations, from a fixed point on a coordinate grid.

TRIANGLES

G.TR.1.a Given the lengths of three segments, determine whether a triangle could be formed.
G.TR.1.b Given the lengths of two sides of a triangle, determine the range in which the length of the third side must lie.
G.TR.1.c Order the sides of a triangle by their lengths when given information about the measures of the angles.
G.TR.1.d Order the angles of a triangle by their measures when given information about the lengths of the sides.
G.TR.1.e Solve for interior and exterior angles of a triangle, when given two angles.
G.TR.2.a Use definitions, postulates, and theorems (including Side-Side-Side (SSS); Side-Angle-Side (SAS); Angle-Side-Angle (ASA); Angle-Angle-Side (AAS); and Hypotenuse-Leg (HL)) to prove and justify two triangles are congruent.
G.TR.2.b Use algebraic methods to prove that two triangles are congruent.
G.TR.2.c Use coordinate methods, such as the slope formula and the distance formula, to prove two triangles are congruent.
G.TR.2.d Given a triangle, use congruent segment, congruent angle, and/or perpendicular line constructions to create a congruent triangle (SSS, SAS, ASA, AAS, and HL).
G.TR.3.a Use definitions, postulates, and theorems (including Side-Angle-Side (SAS); Side-Side-Side (SSS); and Angle-Angle (AA)) to prove and justify that triangles are similar.
G.TR.3.b Use algebraic methods to prove that triangles are similar.
G.TR.3.c Use coordinate methods, such as the slope formula and the distance formula, to prove two triangles are similar.
G.TR.3.d Describe a sequence of transformations that can be used to verify similarity of triangles located in the same plane.
G.TR.3.e Solve problems, including those in context involving attributes of similar triangles.
G.TR.4.a Determine whether a triangle formed with three given lengths is a right triangle.
G.TR.4.b Find and verify trigonometric ratios using right triangles.
G.TR.4.c Model and solve problems, including those in context, involving right triangle trigonometry (sine, cosine, and tangent ratios).
G.TR.4.d Solve problems using the properties of special right triangles.
G.TR.4.e Solve for missing lengths in geometric figures, using properties of 45°-45°-90° triangles, where rationalizing denominators may be necessary.
G.TR.4.f Solve for missing lengths in geometric figures, using properties of 30°-60°-90° triangles, where rationalizing denominators may be necessary.
G.TR.4.g Solve problems, including those in context, involving right triangles using the Pythagorean Theorem and its converse, including recognizing Pythagorean Triples.