Tennessee: Statistics | S Math Standards
80 standards · 9 domains
TOPIC 1: SAMPLING AND DATA
- S.1.a Understand the investigative process of statistics and differentiate between descriptive and inferential statistics.
- S.1.b Differentiate between a population and a sample.
- S.1.c Construct a simple random sample.
- S.1.d Understand the differences between stratified sampling, cluster sampling, systematic sampling, and convenience sampling.
- S.1.e Determine when samples of convenience are acceptable and how sampling bias and error can occur.
- S.1.f Identify and classify data as either qualitative or quantitative and classify quantitative data as either discrete or continuous data.
- S.1.g Display and interpret qualitative data with graphs: pie graphs, bar graphs, and pareto charts.
- S.1.h Differentiate between levels of measurement: nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
- S.1.i Create a frequency distribution from a list of quantitative and/or qualitative data.
- S.1.j Calculate relative frequencies and cumulative frequencies using a frequency distribution table.
- S.1.k Understand differences between a designed experiment and an observational study.
- S.1.l Differentiate between the types of variables used in a designed experiment.
- S.1.m Understand different methods used in an experiment to isolate effects of the explanatory variable.
TOPIC 2: DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
- S.2.a Display and interpret graphs using quantitative data including stem-and-leaf plots, line graphs, and box plots.
- S.2.b Construct a histogram from a frequency distribution table.
- S.2.c Interpret data using histograms and time series graphs.
- S.2.d Analyze a frequency distribution table and determine the sample size, class width and class midpoints.
- S.2.e Recognize, describe, and calculate the measures of locations of data: quartiles, median, five number summary, interquartile range outliers, upper and lower fences, and percentiles.
- S.2.f Distinguish between a parameter and a statistic.
- S.2.g Calculate and differentiate between different measures of center: mean, median, and mode.
- S.2.h Calculate the mean of a frequency distribution: GPA and weighted grade.
- S.2.i Interpret the shape of the distribution from a graph: normal/symmetric, skewed, or uniform.
- S.2.j Calculate and differentiate between different measures of spread: range, variance, and standard deviation.
- S.2.k Determine if a data value is unusual based on standard deviations.
TOPIC 3: PROBABILITY
- S.3.a Understand and use terminology and symbols of probability.
- S.3.b List the elements of events and the sample space from an experiment.
- S.3.c Understand the concept of randomness: flipping a coin, rolling a die, and drawing a card from a standard 52 card deck.
- S.3.d Differentiate between and calculate different types of probabilities: empirical and theoretical.
- S.3.e Explain the Law of Large Numbers.
- S.3.f Calculate and interpret probabilities using the complement rule, addition rule, and multiplication rule.
- S.3.g Differentiate between and calculate probabilities for different types of events: independent, dependent, with or without replacement, conditional, and mutually exclusive.
- S.3.h Use Venn diagrams and lists to solve probability problems when appropriate.
TOPIC 4: DISCRETE RANDOM VARIABLES
- S.4.a Identify the random variable in a probability experiment.
- S.4.b Recognize and understand discrete probability distribution functions.
- S.4.c Create a probability distribution for the values of a discrete random variable.
- S.4.d Use a probability function to determine probabilities associated with a discrete random variable.
- S.4.e Calculate and interpret the mean (expected value), variance, and standard deviation for discrete random variables and binomial probability distributions.
- S.4.f Determine when a probability distribution should be classified as a discrete binomial probability distribution, and calculate probabilities associated with such a distribution.
TOPIC 5: CONTINUOUS RANDOM VARIABLES AND THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION
- S.5.a Recognize and understand continuous probability density functions.
- S.5.b Use a probability density curve to describe a population, including a normal population.
- S.5.c Calculate and interpret the area under a probability density curve.
- S.5.d Calculate and interpret a z-score, understanding the concept of standardizing data.
- S.5.e Calculate and interpret z-scores using the Empirical Rule, understanding the general properties of the normal distribution.
- S.5.f Use technology to calculate the area under the curve for any normal distribution model: left, right, and between.
- S.5.g Use technology to calculate percentiles, quartiles, and other numerical values of X for a specified area under a normal curve.
TOPIC 6: CENTRAL LIMIT THEOREM
- S.6.a Recognize the characteristics of the mean of sample means taken from different types of populations: normal and non-normal.
- S.6.b Calculate the mean of sample means taken from different types of populations: normal and non-normal.
- S.6.c Describe how the means of samples calculated from a non-normal population might be distributed.
- S.6.d Apply the Central Limit Theorem to normal and non-normal populations and compute probabilities of a sample mean.
- S.6.e Determine whether the Central Limit Theorem can be used for a given situation.
- S.6.f Assess the impact of sample size on sampling variability.
TOPIC 7: CONFIDENCE INTERVALS
- S.7.a Read and write confidence intervals using two different forms: point estimate plus/minus margin of error (error bound) and interval notation.
- S.7.b Calculate and interpret confidence intervals for estimating a population mean and a population proportion.
- S.7.c Calculate the margin of error (error bound) using sample statistics.
- S.7.d Predict if a confidence interval will become wider or narrower given larger or smaller sample sizes as well as higher or lower confidence levels.
- S.7.e Find the point estimate and margin of error (error bound) when given a confidence interval.
- S.7.f Estimate the sample size necessary to estimate a population mean.
- S.7.g Recognize the difference between the sample mean and the population mean, as well as the difference between the sample standard deviation and standard error of the mean.
- S.7.h Find critical values for z and t given a value of alpha and degrees of freedom.
- S.7.i Estimate the sample size necessary to estimate a population proportion.
TOPIC 8: HYPOTHESIS TESTING
- S.8.a Determine the appropriate null and alternative hypotheses when presented with a problem.
- S.8.b Differentiate between Type I and Type II errors.
- S.8.c Understand and list the assumptions needed to conduct z-tests and t-tests.
- S.8.d Determine whether to reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis using the p-value method.
- S.8.e Determine if a test is left-tailed, right-tailed, or two-tailed.
- S.8.f Differentiate between independent group and matched pair sampling.
- S.8.g Calculate test statistics and p-values for hypotheses tests: single proportion, single mean, and difference between two means.
- S.8.h Conduct hypotheses tests for a single proportion and a single mean.
- S.8.i Test hypotheses regarding the difference of two independent means (assume the variances are not pooled).
- S.8.j Draw conclusions and make inferences about claims based on hypotheses tests.
TOPIC 9: REGRESSION AND CORRELATION
- S.9.a Differentiate between the independent (explanatory variable, x) and the dependent (response variable, y) in a bivariate data set.
- S.9.b Create a scatter plot and determine the type of relationship that exists between two variables: positive or negative correlation and weak or strong correlation.
- S.9.c Calculate and interpret the correlation coefficient using technology.
- S.9.d Calculate the line of best fit and interpret the coefficient of determination.
- S.9.e Use the line of best fit to make conclusions about the relationship between two variables, understanding correlation does not imply causation.
- S.9.f Calculate a residual using the line of best fit.
- S.9.g Use the p-value to determine if a line of best fit is statistically significant.
- S.9.h For a given value of x, find the appropriate estimated value of y.
- S.9.i Distinguish between interpolated and extrapolated values and explain why interpolated values are more reliable.
- S.9.j Perform a residual analysis to check assumptions of regression.